Rise & Decline of Muslims | Islamic History

Shaykh Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi ﵏ (d. 1420 AH / 1999 CE)

The historic valley of Raebareli, India, was the points of origin for Shaykh Abul Hasan Ali al-Hasani al-Nadwi ﵏, who represents the ultimate manifestation of multi-disciplinary and cross-border genius. Raised in a household of elite scholarship, he mastered both Arabic and Urdu in his early childhood, learning under his elder brother Dr. ‘Abdul ‘Ali Hasani ﵏ and absorbing the intellectual legacy of ‘Allama Shibli Nomani. He received his formal education at the prestigious Darul Uloom Nadwatul ‘Ulama and Lucknow University, moving fluidly between Urdu, Arabic, and Persian. This distinguished path began as the direct son of the famed historian Shaykh Sayyed ‘Abdul Ḥayy al-Ḥasanī﵀. Shaykh Abul Hasan entered the global arena at a time when the Muslim world was suffering from a deep intellectual inferiority complex following the collapse of the ‘Uthmani Caliphate and the relentless rise of secularism.

His primary contribution was bridging the deep ideological divide between traditional Islamic scholarship and modern Western academic thought, revitalising civilizational confidence among Muslims worldwide. Governed by absolute taqwa, he dedicated his career to restoring the spiritual confidence of the global Ummah. In 1950, he shook the Arab literary world with his masterpiece Arabic original titled Madha Khasira al-Alam bi-Inhitat al-Muslimin, “Rise and Decline of Muslims and its effect on mankind”. Written in a style of breathtaking Arabic eloquence, the text reversed the prevailing narrative of his time by proving that the retreat of Islamic values from global leadership had plunged humanity into a moral and philosophical abyss. For this historic service to Islamic thought, he was awarded the inaugural King Faisal International Prize for Service to Islam in 1980, serving during his career as a peer and advisor to global leaders like King Faisal of Saudi Arabia. alongside massive historical biographies like Savaneh Maulana Abdul Qadir Raipuri, Ibn Taymiyah Life and Achievements select biography from Tarikh-e-Dawat-o-Azimat), Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah, MUSLIMS beliefs, Customs and Traditions and Hadith: Status and Role amongst innumerable works beyond the scope here. His greatest sacrifices were borne on the geopolitical stage, where he placed his personal safety and freedom at risk to defend the intellectual boundaries of Muslims. As a founding member of the Muslim World League and Chairman of the Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies, he directly confronted nationalist and socialist leaders across the Middle East, boldly warning them in their own capitals that trading the universal prophetic heritage for secular Western concepts would bring geopolitical ruin. Managing the growth of secular materialism and rising communal tensions in post-partition India, he founded inclusive, multi-faith social initiatives like the Payam-e-Insaniyat (Movement for Human Values) to maintain social cohesion. When the state sought to alter traditional Islamic family law, he left his quiet study to lead the “All India Muslim Personal Law Board”, physically mobilizing millions of citizens while facing continuous political hostility.

He poured his physical energy into massive historical biographies, advanced legal analyses, and foundational text series for children including: Al-Qiraat ar-Rashida, Stories from Islamic History, Qisas min Tarikh al-Islami, A Starlight View of Islam’s Past, The Minaret Speaks, Seerat Khatam an-Nabiyyin and its English translation Muhammad ﷺ the Last Prophet and all time favourites Qisas an-Nabiyin and its English translation Stories of the Prophets.

When he returned his soul to his Creator on a Friday in the sacred month of Ramadan in 1420 AH (1999 CE)—while in the state of ritual ablution, reciting Surah Yasin—he left behind an enlightened, doctrinally secure global classroom.